Class–VIII (CHAPTER-7) Conservation of Plants and Animals
Questions
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called a _.
(b) Species found only in a particular area are known as . (c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of __ changes.
2. Differentiate between the following.
(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
(b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
(c) Endangered and extinct species
(d) Fora and fauna
3. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following. (a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (Rural areas) (d) Cities (Urban areas) (e) Earth
(f) The next generation
4. What will happen if:
(a) we go on cutting trees.
(b) the habitat of an animal is disturbed. (c) the top layer of soil is exposed.
5. Answer in brief:
(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?
(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?
(c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?
(d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation? (e) What is Red Data Book?
(f) What do you understand by the term migration?
6. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects? Discuss and prepare a brief report.
7. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.
8. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.
9. Find out about national parks in your state. Identify and show their location on the outline map of India.
10. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper.
11. Complete the world puzzle.
Down
1. Species on the verge of extinction.
2. A book carrying information about endangered species.
5. Consequence of deforestation.
Across
1. Species which have vanished.
3. Species found only in a particular habitat.
4. Variety of plants, animals and microorganisms found in an area.
Class–VIII (CHAPTER-7) Conservation of Plants and Animals
Answers
1.
(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called a sanctuary.
(b) Species found only in a particular area are known as
endemic.
(c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of climatic
changes.
2. (a)
Wildlife sanctuary Biosphere reserve
It is an area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting. Their habitat is also conserved in this area. It is a large protected area constructed for the conservation of biodiversity.
It provides protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals. It helps in the conservation of various life forms such as plants, animals, and micro- organisms.
Gir sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary for the protection of Asiatic lions. Pachmarhi biosphere reserve is a popular biosphere reserve.
(b)
Zoo Wildlife sanctuary
It is a facility in which animals are kept for public exhibition. It is an area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting. Their habitat is also conserved in this area.
It is an artificial habitat. It conserves the natural habitat of animals.
Animals are caged and their food and breeding are controlled. They are free to move and their food and breeding is not controlled.
(c)
Endangered species Extinct species
It is a population of species that is on the verge of becoming extinct. It is a population of species that no longer exists. Hence, it is extinct.
Blue whale, tiger, leopard, etc. are examples of endangered species. Dodo, passenger pigeon, etc. are examples of extinct species.
(d)
Flora Fauna
It refers to all living plants in a particular area. It refers to all animals living in a particular area.
Sal, teak, mango, etc. form the flora of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve. Leopard, wolf, wild dog, etc. form the fauna of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve.
3.
(a) Effects of deforestation on wild animals:
Deforestation is the removal of trees or other vegetation from an area for industrial, agricultural, or other purposes. Trees and other vegetation form the habitat of many animals. Hence, if the habitat of wild animals is destroyed, then their numbers would automatically decline.
(b) Effects of deforestation on the environment:
Plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere to perform photosynthesis. If plants are destroyed, then the level of CO2 in the atmosphere will rise. As a result, CO2 will trap more heat radiations, thereby adding to global warming. An increase in the temperature of the Earth will disturb the natural water cycle. As a result, there will be a change in the rainfall pattern. This could lead to floods or droughts.
(c) Effects of deforestation on villages:
In village the major source of income comes from farming for which they need fertile soil. trees are the one which makes the fertile by holding on to the soil. If there are no trees, the soil will become loose and easily carried away by wind and water can cause erosion and productivity of the land will decrease. Hence deforestation will affect the livelihood of the villagers.
(d) Effects of deforestation on cities:
As in the cities the level of pollution will be high, the level of CO2 will be high, at such place’s trees are required to clean up the pollution as to provide fresh air. But deforestation will lead to increase in the pollution, the level of CO2 from automobile and industrial waste. It may also increase the temperature which can disturb the water cycle in that area
(e) Effects of deforestation on the Earth:
Looking from a birds eye view, if the amount of forests is decreasing day by day that will lead to an increase CO2 amount in the air, which in turn causes global warming by increasing the temperature, polar ice will melt and sea level will rise and can cause natural calamity. All these is because of deforestation.
(f) As we have seen the effect of deforestation at the global level just imagine the impact which its gonna create for the next
generation. as the amount of trees decreasing day by day the chances of global warming, soil erosion, greenhouse effect, drought, flood. Hence these are the other problems which the future generation will face.
4.
(a) If we go on cutting trees endlessly, there will be a time when the trees will vanish from the face of the earth. Animals and birds will lose their habitat. The biodiversity will be vanished. The water cycle is disturbed. The rainfall pattern is disturbed. Floods and draughts can be seen. And there will be an increased risk of soil erosion, desertification and natural calamities.
(b) If the habitat of the animal is disturbed that means the basic necessity such as food, shelter and protection is lost for the animals. The theory of survival of the fittest will come into action where animals will kill other animals for food. And at the end both flora and fauna will diminish.
(c) If the top layer of the soil is exposed, it will gradually open the nutritious lower layer of the soil, which is hard and rocky in nature. Continuous soil erosion will make the soil less humus and makes the soil barren and infertile.
5.
(a) Biodiversity comprises of both plants and animals with
dependent on each other some way or the other. For food, for nutrients, for shelter and so on. So, if any one of the parts is affected it will affect the other two. So, to protect the biodiversity all the components are to be nurtured and taken care of.
(b) Protected forests are not completely safe for wild animals because people who live near to the forests area uses the resources for their own requirements. They kill animals for their own benefits and sell the products for lucrative amount of money.
(c) Tribals gather food, fodder, and fallen branches of trees from forests. Hence, they depend on forests for their daily requirements.
(d) Causes of deforestation:
(i) Forests are cleared for accommodating expanding urban areas and for fulfilling their ever-increasing requirements.
(ii) Forests are destroyed to clear land for crops and cattle grazing.
(iii) Trees are cut down to be used for firewood. Consequences of deforestation:
i. Soil erosion
ii. Loss of biodiversity iii. Floods and droughts
v. Disruption of water cycle
(e) Red Data Book is a source book that maintains an international list of all endangered animal and plant species. This book is maintained by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural resources).
(f) Migration refers to the movement of an organism or a group of organisms from its natural habitat to another place at a particular time every year. Organisms migrate from one place to another to avoid inhabitable climatic conditions or for breeding.
6. No, it is not at all justified to cut the trees for the demands of the human population. Trees are the habitat for various animals and microorganisms. They provide us with good quality air as they give out O2 and absorb the harmful CO2 gas from the atmosphere. They prevent soil erosion and other natural disasters like floods. They help to keep the soil fertile and protects the earth from global warming, greenhouse effect which is caused by the humans. The destruction of the forests will disturb the balance of nature. Hence cutting the trees for personal gain should be stopped and hence forests should be conserved.
7. First, to contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of the society one should take care of the pants and trees which are already growing in the surrounding. Later, can take initiatives by
spreading awareness to the people in the society and explain the importance to them. Each one plant one should be the slogan used for the campaigns and more and more trees should be planted and grown.
8. Deforestation is cutting down of plants and other trees from the surroundings for the sake of industrial, agricultural and human purposes. Trees control the CO2 and O2 balance in nature and protect the earth from global warming. It also helps in maintaining the water cycle of the earth. Deforestation can lead to disturb the water cycle and increases the temperature of the planet and changes the rainfall pattern. It can also lead to draughts at places.
9. One of the national parks located near Delhi is the Corbett
National Park.
10. We all know that paper comes from trees. It takes seventeen full grown trees to make a tonne of paper. And we know that trees also help to maintain the balance in nature. Therefore, we should save paper which in turn will save the trees and at the end it will save our environment.
Paper can be saved by:
1. reducing the use
2. using both sides of the paper
3. recycling paper
4. spreading awareness about the harm it will cause if we misuse it.
11
Down
1. ENDANGERED
2. RED DATA BOOK
5. DROUGHT Across
1. EXTINCT
3. ENDEMIC
4. BIODIVERSITY
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