by Veeresh. P
(POLITICAL SCIENCE)
DEMOCRACY
I. Fill up the blanks
1. The word Democracy is derived from the word ______
2. The party that commands majority in the legislature and looks after the administration is called ________ party.
3. The minimum age to vote in India is__________ years.
4. The elections conducted once in five years in a routine manner are termed as ________ elections.
5. The electronic machine used to register the votes is called_____
Ans: 1. Demokratia 2. Ruling 3. Eighteen 4. general 5. Electronic Voting Machine (EVM)
II. Answer the following:
1. What are the advantages of democracy?
Ans. The advantages or merits of democracy are as follows:
(a) It protects the rights and independence of the people
through an independent judiciary.
(b) It is based on the principles of equality and provides an opportunity to people to involve themselves in decision making and framing laws.
(c) People elect representatives and the government of their choice.
(d) Decisions are taken after debate and discussions. Decisions are based upon public opinion.
(e) Opposition checks the misuse of power by the
government.
(f) The fundamental rights provide an opportunity for the
development of the personality of an individual.
(g) It develops nationalism, patriotism, and respect to people and creates unity in the midst of diversity.
2. Mention the different types of Government.
Ans. The types of Government are as follows:
(a) Monarchy (b) Dictatorship
(c) Military Dictatorship (d) Communist Government.
3. How is direct democracy different from indirect democracy?
Ans. Direct democracy:-
(a) The people directly participate in electing their government, making policies and laws for their own progress and development.
(b) It is practiced only in countries of small size and population.
(c) It becomes more effective through referendum and initiative.
Indirect democracy:-
(a) The people elect their representatives through periodical elections and send them to legislative bodies.
(b) It is most suitable in bigger nations like India, USA and such other nations.
(c) The representatives involved in the process of law making and also control the administration.
4. What is universal adult franchise?
Ans. In India voting right is provided to all people aged eighteen and above, regardless of caste, qualifications, creed, religion, language and gender. This is called universal adult franchise.
5. List out the essential factors for the Success of democracy.
Ans: Factors essential for the success of democracy are as follows.
(a) People should have an urge to protect democracy.
(b) People must always be vigilant.
(c) Tolerance is one of the basic qualities needed for the success of democracy. They must work with the spirit of give and take.
(d) Success of democracy depends upon good leadership. He must possess the qualities of service. Patriotism and spirit of sacrifice.
(e) Efficient opposition party keeps the governments alert.
(f) Well informed and educated electorate contributes to the success of democracy.
(g) Success of democracy depends upon the role of the
people. People must compulsorily vote and elect efficient
and non-corrupt leaders.
(h) Free, fearless and unbiased press contributes to the
success of democracy
(i) Well-organized, efficient and responsible local bodies
strengthen democracy.
6. Why is efficient opposition party an essential factor in
democracy?
Ans. Efficient opposition party keeps the government alert. It checks the Ruling party from becoming dictatorial.
7. Why are periodical elections necessary in democracy?
Ans. In democracy people are the ultimate source of sovereignty and government derives its power from them. Therefore periodical elections are held to provide an opportunity to the people to choose better representatives through elections.
8. Success of democracy depends on the voter. Justify.
Ans. Success of democracy or government depends upon the voter. So voter must not come under the influence of caste, creed, and money or muscle power while voting. The voter must be careful while choosing a candidate. He must choose the candidate with good qualities and capabilities.
9. Distinguish between regional and national parties.
Ans. National Political Parties: National parties have their
branches in many states of our union. They have respectable number of representation in parliament and also in state legislatures. The Election Commission grants recognition to national parties. Indian National Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, Communist Party are a few major national parties
Regional Political Parties: They are also called State Political Parties. Political organizations securing respectable number of seats in the assembly elections are recognized as state parties or regional parties. Janata Dal in Karnataka, DMK, AIADMK in Tamil Nadu and Telugu Desam in Andhra Pradesh are a few major regional political parties.
10. How is media helpful for the efficient administration of
the Government?
Ans. The media provides day-to-day information about the
happenings. It helps the government to know about the views of the people on important issues. Media makes representatives accountable and answerable to issues raised by the people.
11. What are the objectives of Right to Information?
Ans. The objective of Right to Information Act is
(a) to check corruption in public life.
(b) to bring about transparency in administration and
(c) make the government accountable to people.
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